Titoli in Scienza

Discover The Kallikak Family A Study in the Heredity of Feeble-Mindedness, authored by the influential American psychologist and eugenicist Henry H. Goddard. This thought-provoking yet controversial extended case study delves into the Kallikak family—a name derived from the Greek words Kallos (beauty) and Kakos (bad)—to explore the inheritance of feeble-mindedness, encompassing a range of mental disabilities, learning challenges, and mental illnesses. Goddard’s findings suggested that various mental traits are hereditary, advocating for societal measures to restrict reproduction among ...

This captivating volume of Age of the Puritans features a rich tapestry of writers and themes from the late 16th and 17th centuries. While not everyone included identifies with the Puritan movement, their diverse perspectives offer a fascinating look into the eras thoughts and beliefs. - Summary by InTheDesert Other volumes in this series The Age of the Puritans Vol. 1, The Age of the Puritans Vol. 2

Explore a captivating collection of scholarly lectures presented by esteemed experts at Cambridge in August 1916. This anthology delves into diverse topics, including the impact of war on Balkan politics, the intricacies of Russias representative system, the evolution of Russian economics, the historical and contemporary significance of Poland, the rich tapestry of Russias nationalities, and the advancement of science and education in the country. Join us as we unravel the complexities of Russian society during a pivotal moment in history. - Summary by Jan Moorehouse

This book transcends a mere examination of Russian Jews; it is a profound exploration of the Russian soul. It reveals that the vast majority of Russias intellectuals—including nearly all of her remarkable literary figures—stand firmly against the persecution of Jews and any other race. Their unparalleled capacity for empathy and understanding of humanity sets them apart from others around the globe. Few works capture the essence of Russias genius and compassion as brilliantly as this one does. Here, not only the leading writers but also esteemed statesmen and economists come together, ...

Dive into the world of spectral phenomena through the eyes of a skeptical author who examines famous ghostly encounters. Drawing on early 20th-century scientific research in psychology, he sheds light on concepts like suggestion and hallucinations, while also exploring his intriguing beliefs in mesmerism and telepathy. The journey concludes with a fascinating look at ghost hunters and those who investigate psychic phenomena. - Summary by Rapunzelina

Delve into The Economic Consequences of the Peace, a groundbreaking work by John Maynard Keynes published in 1919 that became an international bestseller. As a delegate at the Versailles Conference representing the British Treasury, Keynes advocated for a more lenient peace with Germany. His compelling arguments played a pivotal role in shaping global opinion, highlighting the harshness of the Versailles Treaty and its impact on Germany. The book not only swayed American sentiment against the treaty and the League of Nations but also influenced British public perception, contributing to ...

In December 1847, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels crafted the Communist Manifesto as a powerful guide to the core principles and practices of Communism. This groundbreaking document not only outlines the vision of a classless society but also forecasts the eventual collapse of capitalism. Explore the revolutionary ideas that continue to shape political discourse today. (Summary written by Gesine) A recording in the original German language is available here.

In this thought-provoking work, Freud delves into three pivotal aspects of human sexuality. First, he explores sexual perversions or aberrations, asserting that the tendency towards perversions is an inherent and universal part of the human sexual instinct, with roots traceable to childhood. Next, he addresses The Infantile Sexuality, presenting the idea that children experience sexual urges, which gradually evolve into adult sexuality through psychosexual development. Freud identifies various manifestations of infantile sexual emotions, such as thumb-sucking, autoeroticism, and sibling ...

This compelling anthology brings together a variety of intriguing perspectives from Bertrand Russell. In Mathematics and the Metaphysicians, Russell reflects on the transformative impact of the 1900 World Congress of Philosophers and his aspiration that innovative mathematical approaches could unravel age-old philosophical dilemmas. The ensuing essays trace the evolution of this vision as Russell delves into the foundations of mathematics, exploring how new methodologies could reconstruct our understanding of physical objects through sense-data and redefine concepts like matter and causation. ...

In Riddle of the Universe, renowned biologist Ernst Haeckel delves into the profound questions of existence, exploring the essence of life, the nature of reality, and the intricate relationship between our physiology and our thoughts. Join us as we journey through Haeckels philosophical insights that challenge our understanding of the universe. (Summary by A. Gramour)

In Part 2, we delve into Deweys intriguing concept of IMPULSES, exploring how they represent the dynamic interplay between individuals and their environment. When environmental challenges clash with ingrained HABITS, it is these innate impulses that drive us to rethink and adjust both our behaviors and our surroundings. The age-old debate of Nature vs Nurture can be misleading, as it often oversimplifies the complexities of human personality. Our inherent behaviors are essentially a blend of habits shaped by cultural customs. Notably, much of education is less about learning in the traditional...

Dive into the profound insights of Wilhelm Stekel, an Austrian physician and one of Freud’s earliest disciples. Originally published in 1921, this work stands as Stekels personal favorite, offering a captivating psychoanalytic exploration of the complexities that lie within the human soul. With a diverse range of topics, this book invites readers to reflect on the deeper aspects of their psyche.

In recent years, the growing recognition of races significance has sparked critical conversations about its impact on nationality, evident in post-war boundary disputes. As we navigate complex issues surrounding racial tensions—between whites and blacks, Americans and Japanese, and native Americans versus hyphenated citizens—its clear that the influx of diverse populations poses both challenges and opportunities. This podcast delves deep into these themes, exploring how the dynamics of race shape our society and the urgent need for awareness in the face of impending demographic shifts. ...

John Stuart Mills Utilitarianism stands as a cornerstone in the realm of ethical philosophy, offering a compelling defense of utilitarianism. Originally published as a series of three articles in Frasers Magazine in 1861, these writings were later compiled into a single book in 1863. Over his lifetime, Mill revised and released the work through four editions, each adding nuanced insights. While Mill touches on utilitarian principles in other notable works like On Liberty and The Subjection of Women, Utilitarianism is where he delivers his most comprehensive exploration of the foundational ...

The question of Irish home rule was the pivotal political issue in British and Irish politics from the late 1800s to the early 1900s. Published in 1887, this collection showcases compelling articles advocating for the measure. Although Irish home rule was officially sanctioned in 1914, its implementation was postponed until after World War I. The authors aim to address the complex issues surrounding the governance of Ireland with a balanced perspective, offering this volume to the public in hopes of steering thoughtful discussion back to the foundational principles that underpin these matters,...

In a society ensnared by the shadows of ancient prejudices and outdated beliefs, John Addington Symonds boldly confronts the hypocrisy and misinformation that plague our understanding of sexuality. In this powerful essay, which circulated anonymously, Symonds emerges as a modern-day Virgil, guiding readers through the harrowing landscape of medico-legal definitions of sexual deviance that shaped his era and continue to echo in ours. He advocates for humane values amidst the labyrinth of Victorian taxonomies and the oppressive “terrorism” of religion that constructed the identity of the ...

Jane Addams, the first American woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize, was a trailblazer in social reform and community service. As the founder of Hull-House in Chicago, she dedicated her life to addressing the pressing issues of her time, including child welfare, public health, and global peace. A public philosopher and a staunch advocate for womens suffrage, Addams believed that women had a unique role in improving their communities and emphasized the importance of their right to vote. Her legacy as a role model for middle-class women who sought to uplift their neighborhoods is profound. ...

In Study of British Genius, Ellis delves into the psychological and anthropological traits that define genius in the British Isles. Drawing from a rich tapestry of information sourced from the Dictionary of National Biography, he explores a myriad of topics, including ancestral heritage, geographical distribution, professions, and the health and morbidity of the eras most distinguished men and women. This insightful work also posits a provocative theory that large cities may hinder the emergence of high achievers and negatively impact national health. (Summary by Leon Harvey)

In the 21st Century, weve witnessed a significant resurgence of skepticism towards science, particularly among Evangelicals. However, this conflict between science and religion is far from new. In the late 1800s, author Andrew Dickson White asserted that any interference with science in the name of religion, regardless of intent, has historically led to dire consequences for both realms. Conversely, he argued that unimpeded scientific inquiry, even when seemingly threatening to religious beliefs, ultimately fosters the greatest advancements for both science and faith. In this volume, White ...

In this thought-provoking work, David Hume, the distinguished Scottish philosopher, historian, and essayist, delves into the essence and foundation of morals. Written as an accessible summary of Book III from his seminal work, A Treatise of Human Nature, Hume invites us to ponder a critical debate Are morals derived from reason or sentiment? Do we understand them through logic and induction, or by instinctive feelings and a subtle internal sense? He challenges us to consider whether moral truths are universal for all rational beings or if they vary based on the unique constitution of humanity....