(Piano music) Hello, and welcome to Your Greek Word On A Sunday, a weekly, bite-size podcast for anyone curious on language, etymology and connections. I am your host, Emmanuela Lia and wherever you are in the world, if you want to entertain your brain for a few minutes, this is the podcast for you. Let's Go!

Happy November everyone! Starting the month with a word that is usually mixed up with ‘freedom’, and you’d be both right and wrong to do so. Let me explain: Ancient Greece had a city-state system much like the US today. Athens would govern through all, set the laws for everyone and the city states paid taxes to it. If a city state wanted to follow its own laws, have its own elected politicians etc but still pay taxes to Athens and contribute troops in case of war, it wasn’t a free city state (because that could only happen in very few occasions and the city state would still be supervised). Εαυτός (eaftos/eautos) or αυτός (aftos/autos) means ‘the self’ and νόμος (nomos) means ‘Law’. The combined word that travelled from Greek to Latin to French and English, and kept its political meaning well into the 17th century, developed an individual meaning starting with the Stoics and reaching Immanuel Kant and the Enlightenment. That’s when it started getting very close to the meaning of freedom. According to the stoics, a person who can follow their own rules, directed by their own morality (which better be virtuous) without denying the gods or fate was AYTONOMOΣ/AUTONOMUS

Instagram @yourgreeksunday ,
Blue Sky @yourgreeksunday.bsky.social
email yourgreeksunday@gmail.com

(Piano music) Hello, and welcome to Your Greek Word On A Sunday, a weekly, bite-size podcast for anyone curious on language, etymology and connections. I am your host, Emmanuela Lia and wherever you are in the world, if you want to entertain your brain for a few minutes, this is the podcast for you. Let's Go!

Happy Halloween, let the spooky words in! Today’s word is not used very often in English and it’s more likely you’ll find it written than spoken, unless you want to be very dramatic in which case Halloween is the perfect time for it! In Ancient Greece If you wanted to enter the underworld, Hades , you had to cross 5 rivers. Αχερων (Acheron) the river of death , Κωκυτός (kokitos) the river of woe ,Πυριφλεγέθων (piriflegethon) also known as simply Φλεγέθων (flegethon) the river of fire , Lethe which I’ve spoken about in its own episode , the river of memory and forgetfulness, and Styx the river of hate. There is no particular order to enter Hades but Styx and Acheron are mentioned mostly as the first two. Styx was a titan, a goddess and a river that the gods swore in. It’s mentioned in the odyssey, the Iliad and has countless literary mentions from around the world. Styx ran from the underworld to a mountain side above the ground and that was an entry point to Hades. Her story as a goddess is for another episode but the adjective in English is used to describe anything dark and abominable. In modern Greek it means ‘ruthless’ ΣΤΥΓΕΡΟ/STYGIAN

Instagram @yourgreeksunday ,
Blue Sky @yourgreeksunday.bsky.social
email yourgreeksunday@gmail.com

(Piano music) Hello, and welcome to Your Greek Word On A Sunday, a weekly, bite-size podcast for anyone curious on language, etymology and connections. I am your host, Emmanuela Lia and wherever you are in the world, if you want to entertain your brain for a few minutes, this is the podcast for you. Let's Go!

And it’s here! Happy Halloween, let the spooky words in!
Herodotus in the 5th century BC wrote about the Egyptian writing. He was fascinated by their use of two different systems, the sacred and the common and how they wrote from right to left. If you’re wondering why ancient writing is spooky, you haven’t watched any supernatural movies and now is the season to start ! One of the Egyptian writing systems was just symbols and they were mostly found in places of worship. Herodotus combined two Greek words to describe them . Ιερό (iero) meaning ‘sacred’ and the Ancient Greek infinitive γλυφειν (glyphin) meaning ‘to carve’. Of course the latinised spelling is a little different but the word remains ΙΕΡΟΓΛΥΦΙΚΑ/HIEROGLYPHS

Instagram @yourgreeksunday ,
Blue Sky @yourgreeksunday.bsky.social
email yourgreeksunday@gmail.com

(Piano music) Hello, and welcome to Your Greek Word On A Sunday, a weekly, bite-size podcast for anyone curious on language, etymology and connections. I am your host, Emmanuela Lia and wherever you are in the world, if you want to entertain your brain for a few minutes, this is the podcast for you. Let's Go!

From Ancient Greek and Latin to French and English, this word has never lost its meaning. It just changed religions . Πρό (pro) is a preposition meaning ‘before’ but also ‘outwards’ φημί (fimi) in Ancient Greek meant ‘I say/I speak’ . The one that speaks on behalf of someone else or let’s a voice and in particular a divine one speak through them, was always called a ΠΡΟΦΗΤΗΣ/PROPHET

Instagram @yourgreeksunday ,
Blue Sky @yourgreeksunday.bsky.social
email yourgreeksunday@gmail.com

10 years ago in a little room in Hackney, in London me and my Laptop started recording an idea . A connection. My heritage and your everyday. My culture and your language . Where I come from and where I am now. With you. This podcast has grown in quality, ambition and audience but there's one thing that's constant, you. You have been listening non stop. From all over the world. You show up every week and that’s what keeps me going. Thank you for being here. For your comments, your reviews and for spreading the word. You made this podcast last this long so… welcome to season 10!

(Piano music) Hello, and welcome to Your Greek Word On A Sunday, a weekly, bite-size podcast for anyone curious on language, etymology and connections. I am your host, Emmanuela Lia and wherever you are in the world, if you want to entertain your brain for a few minutes, this is the podcast for you. Let's Go!

First word of the month and I’m going to ease our way into spooky season with a philosophical term. In 1869 English biologist T.H. Huxley put two Greek words together to describe his philosophical stance. It was in relation to religious beliefs on metaphysics that claimed they knew all about those phenomena including their belief in God. Huxley said ‘It came into my head as suggestively antithetical to the Gnostic of church history who professed to know so much about the very things of which I was ignorant’ . Γνώση (gnosi) in Greek means ‘knowledge’ and ‘α’ is a negation prefix. Άγνωστο (agnosto) means ‘the unknown’ and Huxley’s word put a whole belief system under it ΑΓΝΩΣΤΙΚΙΣΜΟΣ/AGNOSTICISM

Instagram @yourgreeksunday ,
Blue Sky @yourgreeksunday.bsky.social
email yourgreeksunday@gmail.com

And just like that, we’re at the end of season nine! How did that happen? I want to thank everyone who stayed with me for another season, everyone new who joined us this year and everyone who commented and reviewed the podcast. It feels great reading what you think and since this is a solo venture it’s great when I know you’re out there, listening. Thank you again and…on with our episode!

(Piano music) Hello, and welcome to Your Greek Word On A Sunday, a weekly, bite-size podcast for anyone curious on language, etymology and connections. I am your host, Emmanuela Lia and wherever you are in the world, if you want to entertain your brain for a few minutes, this is the podcast for you. Let's Go!

As this season comes to end I will leave you with the queen of Greek herbs! It smells fantastic , it goes with 99.9% of any Greek dish and it was of course created by the goddess Aphrodite! No, not really. But that’s how the myth goes! Aphrodite created this herb in her garden in mount Olympus to bring joy to humanity. It grows on mountains and its name comes from two words, όρος (oros) meaning ‘mountain’ and γάνα (gana) meaning ‘joy’. Because of that, Ancient Greeks would make wreaths out of it for weddings and in medieval times it was considered a ward against evil. There’s another plant in the same family that exists in Greece but it's also native to the UK and it’s called Marjoram. They are incredibly similar and people have been using it exactly as the Greeks where using theirs. In America the herb arrives with the Italian immigrants but it became very popular after WW2 when soldiers returning from Europe were craving it. How do you know you’re eating greek food? it has ΡΙΓΑΝΗ/OREGANO

Instagram @yourgreeksunday ,
Blue Sky @yourgreeksunday.bsky.social
email yourgreeksunday@gmail.com

Hello Dunedin (ντανίντν) in New Zealand! Welcome to the family! A city with great architecture and history but most importantly, rent prices so affordable that artists can thrive there! From what I’m reading it’s an artistically vibrant city, Galleries, live music and theatre ! Oh I’m certainly visiting. Thank you for listening Dunedin.

If you like what you hear in this podcast you can subscribe, download and review it wherever you listen. A click and a few nice words go a long way! On with our episode!

(Piano music) Hello, and welcome to Your Greek Word On A Sunday, a weekly, bite-size podcast for anyone curious on language, etymology and connections. I am your host, Emmanuela Lia and wherever you are in the world, if you want to entertain your brain for a few minutes, this is the podcast for you. Let's Go!

The oldest verified writing we have of this plant is in ancient Mycenaean. However, those syllables together can be found in other languages too and it’s led linguists to believe that the original name is Sumerian. Ancient Greeks used this herb as a staple. You had your salt, your pepper and this on the table and of course they used it medicinally. Digestive and respiratory problems as well as bleeding were some of the problems that plant helped with. Cultivated originally in Iran but the name in English came from the Roman version of the Greek word. The Romans also brought it in the UK. In America it arrived from the Spanish and the Portuguese and in Morocco you can still find it on the table next to salt and pepper . ΚΥΜΙΝΟ/CUMIN

Instagram @yourgreeksunday ,
Blue Sky @yourgreeksunday.bsky.social
email yourgreeksunday@gmail.com

Welcoming Payakumbuh in Indonesia today! The city with a long tradition of a secret negotiation for livestock trades. The Marosok Tradition: Buyers and sellers hide their hands under a cloth and communicate the price by touching. It’s a whole different language of touching and tapping and squeezing different parts of the hand and it means something different depending on which is used . Isn’t that fascinating? Thank you for listening Payakumbuh!

If you like what you hear in this podcast you can subscribe, download and review it wherever you listen. A click and a few nice words go a long way! On with our episode!

(Piano music) Hello, and welcome to Your Greek Word On A Sunday, a weekly, bite-size podcast for anyone curious on language, etymology and connections. I am your host, Emmanuela Lia and wherever you are in the world, if you want to entertain your brain for a few minutes, this is the podcast for you. Let's Go!

Ancient Greek incense as part of sacrificial ceremonies for the gods was comprised of several herbs. The most prominent was one that got its name from the fumes it was creating when burning . Now, that’s one version, the other is that it got its name because of its resilience; and the Ancient Greeks lit it in temples to inspire courage. In medicine, its oil was used as an antibiotic and in gastronomy as an Ancient Greek wine infuser or an ancient Roman cheese herb. Speaking of the Romans, they were the first to bring it to the UK and it became incredibly popular so much so that many knights would get it as farewell present before battle and people would put it under their pillows to ward off nightmares. From the Ancient Greek verb Θύω (Theo) meaning ‘creating smoke’ and Latin ‘Thymum’ this herb can be found everywhere in Greece and it’s delicious! ΘΥΜΑΡΙ/THYME

Instagram @yourgreeksunday ,
Blue Sky @yourgreeksunday.bsky.social
email yourgreeksunday@gmail.com