In this episode of Space Matters, we speak with Dr Tristan Moss about the intersection of Australia’s military history and contemporary space policy, tracing how defence considerations have long shaped Australia’s engagement with space. Drawing on historical and policy perspectives, this episodes explores Australia’s approach to developing sovereign space capabilities, recent investments in ground infrastructure and the importance of strategic partnerships in strengthening Australia’s space posture.

The episode also looks at Australia’s space relationships in the Indo-Pacific, highlighting how collaboration with regional partners can enhance stability, support climate resilience, and ensure secure access to important space-derived data. Throughout the discussion, Dr Moss explains the need to mainstream space literacy across government and defence, develop clearer career pathways, and adopt a more integrated, whole-of-government approach to space governance. Dr Tristan Moss reflects that effective leadership, informed policymaking and sustained public engagement are essential to positioning space as a core pillar of Australia’s long-term strategic, environmental and security interests.
Further Listening
An earlier episode where Dr Tristan Moss explaining the significance of space history: https://open.spotify.com/episode/3srOVunSSYsCXqbm9dX3Zm?si=mpiEVBFbRU61maw-zXQUWQ

We speak with Art Cotterell and learn about why space needs to be mainstreamed across government as a core national priority. Looking on Art’s policy paper, Art's discuss how space technologies underpin critical infrastructure and support major policy domains, including climate change, economic reform and national security. Art sets out the value of a national space task force to coordinate whole-of-government action and highlight the growing importance of intergenerational planning. The conversation also examines the role of the Australian Space Agency in advancing space literacy and building public understanding of how space technologies shape everyday life. Art advocates that public engagement is key to securing long-term political support, and that effective policymaking depends on a government workforce equipped to use and interpret space-based data. Ultimately, they argue that space is far more than rockets and astronauts, and that it is the infrastructure guiding Australia’s economic, environmental and strategic future.Further reading:

• Read Art's policy paper: https://acsg.squarespace.com/publications
• Should humans colonise space? We asked 5 experts: https://theconversation.com/should-humans-colonise-space-we-asked-5-experts-267436
• Space Colonies and Human Futures: The Debate Over Our Next Frontier: https://www.2ser.com/stories/space-colonies-and-human-futures-the-debate-over-our-next-frontier

In this podcast episode, we talk about the evolving field of space ethics with Flight Sergeant Amy Hestermann-Crane. Together, we discuss how virtue ethics can guide space policy and governance, helping ensure sustainability, responsibility, and security in the cosmos. Amy reflects on her journey into space ethics, the importance of asking ethical questions in space governance, and why moral reflection is important as Australia expands its role in the global space community.

This episode takes a closer look at how ethics play a role at the intersection of sustainability and security in modern space policy. Amy also discusses why Australia needs a dedicated space ethicist within its national framework and how ethics shapes debates concerning the role of multilateral cooperation in advancing global space governance.

Listen now to learn how ethics play an important role in global space governance.

In this episode of Space Matters, Dr Cassandra Steer, CEO of the Australasian Centre for Space Governance (ACSG), and Andre Kwok, researcher at ACSG, talk about the role of space in the Asia-Pacific region. Together they reflect on the intersection of space law and policy, technology and international relations, highlighting how collaboration and cultural understanding are essential for shaping the future of space governance.

The conversation touches on the shift from national to regional perspectives, the use of Earth observation data in international law, and the growing role of space diplomacy in fostering cooperation across the region.

They also reflect on the Centre’s new identity, Andre’s journey into space law and Asian studies, and the importance of cultural understanding and language in the Asia-Pacific. Other themes include space law’s role in conflict and security, the potential of space diplomacy to build regional ties and how space can help address shared challenges such as strengthen criminal investigations and climate change response.
For more reading:

• Securing Australia Through Space: Shared Interests in the Indo-Pacific Region: https://www.spacegovcentre.org/_files/ugd/ed2eed_11423f62a20d43eabb6f98a021f4058d.pdf
• Australia’s Maturing Space Capabilities in a National and Regional Context: https://www.nbr.org/publication/asias-space-ambitions-driving-the-next-chapter-in-global-space-competition/
• Working together in space can enhance worldly ties between Australia and Japan: https://www.lowyinstitute.org/the-interpreter/working-together-space-can-enhance-worldly-ties-between-australia-japan

We speak with Stephen Ward and George Dyke from Symbios Communications about the important role of Earth observation (EO) data in shaping Australia’s space policy and climate response strategies. They explore how satellites support climate monitoring, including detecting and mitigating methane emissions, one of the most potent greenhouse gases, and discuss pathways to achieve cost-neutral solutions.

The conversation delves into the geopolitical challenges of Australia’s reliance on foreign satellite data, the risks posed by shifting global dynamics, and the need to secure data sources through strategic international partnerships. Stephen and George propose key policy recommendations for strengthening Australia’s space capabilities, including the potential for sovereign satellite missions.

They also reflect on the importance of EO data in global climate response mechanisms and the important role satellites play in providing the information needed for climate action and resilience.

Read the policy paper here: https://www.spacegovcentre.org/_files/ugd/ed2eed_56a9d7ecfa384fd89b5602b8433f39b4.pdf

In this episode, we explore how space-based technologies are shaping Australia's national security and disaster resilience. Jia-Urnn Lee, Space and Defense Lead at Frontiers SI, joins us to discuss the critical role of Position, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) systems, Australia’s reliance on foreign infrastructure, and the need for national and regional solutions. She also shares insights from her recent policy paper on resilient PNT for disaster response and shares the importance of governance in driving adoption of advanced space technologies.

PNT systems underpin a wide range of essential services, from emergency response and transportation to financial transactions and defense operations. As critical infrastructure, the resilience and accessibility of PNT capabilities are vital for Australia’s ability to respond to natural disasters, maintain national security, and support everyday services.

Read Jia-Urnn’s policy paper on resilient PNT for disaster response: https://www.spacegovcentre.org/_files/ugd/ed2eed_0c1bfdc1a6564fb2b4ea5d915fddb5ce.pdf

Vinicius Geudes de Oliveira, a Brazilian lawyer and PhD candidate, explores the legal and cybersecurity challenges facing space infrastructure, particularly in Australia. He explains why cyberattacks are more cost-effective than kinetic warfare and argues for national space policy to protect critical systems.

Vinicius shares how his background in international law led him to pursue a PhD focused on the cybersecurity of Australia’s space infrastructure. He explains that most cyberattacks remain below the threshold of armed conflict but can be just as disruptive, especially in the strategically important space sector. With Australia’s space industry still developing its legal and policy frameworks, he talks about the need for a national space policy and space-specific cybersecurity measures. Vinicius also discusses the importance of international cooperation and advocates for practical tools, like a cybersecurity toolkit, to help space operators better understand and manage evolving threats.

Further Reading

• Vinicius’s policy paper on space cybersecurity: https://www.spacegovcentre.org/_files/ugd/ed2eed_fa255cc6d89b4ea888578905da238f64.pdf
• Other publications from the ACSG policy workshop series: https://www.spacegovcentre.org/our-research
• Vinicius’s latest book chapter titled “Brazilian Space Law: A Critical Analysis of Brazil’s Space Activities Act”: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-85680-8_4

Welcome to Season Two of the ACSG Podcast. This season kicks off with a mini-series featuring conversations with the authors of eight policy papers developed from our 2024 workshop “Securing Australia Through Space".
In this first episode, we speak with two of Australia’s leading space law academics, Dr Stacey Henderson and Dr Joel Lisk from Flinders University. together they discuss the importance of the Security of Critical Infrastructure Act to the space sector.
We discuss:

• The role of positioning, navigation, and timing technologies in civilian and military infrastructure
• Australia’s dependence on foreign satellite systems and the impacts on sovereignty and resilience
• Legal and regulatory considerations under the Security of Critical Infrastructure Act
• Stacey and Joel’s legal careers and university experience
• Why space infrastructure should be treated as critical infrastructure requiring proactive policy attention

• Access all eight policy papers from the workshop: https://www.spacegovcentre.org/our-research
• Read the specific paper discussed in this episode: https://www.spacegovcentre.org/_files/ugd/ed2eed_bb310e7204ef49efafb1533b0012c11c.pdf
• Learn more about ACSG and our work: https://www.spacegovcentre.org/

Links and Resources:This episode is a must listen for researchers and professionals across government, research, and industry working on national security, infrastructure resilience and space governance.