Culture, from birth to death (metal) copertina

Culture, from birth to death (metal)

Culture, from birth to death (metal)

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Culture can be a little hard to wrap our minds around. It's seemingly everywhere, enveloping us—but where is it exactly? What are its core properties? How does culture change? Why does it change? What tools and techniques should we be using to understand its vagaries? How can we illuminate this living, breathing, omnipresent, amorphous thing? My guest today is Dr. Jacob Foster. Jacob is a Professor of Informatics and Cognitive Science at Indiana University – Bloomington; he's also an External Professor at the Santa Fe Institute. For more than a decade now, Jacob has been bringing together different disciplinary strands to develop a theory of culture and a toolkit for studying it. Here, Jacob and I talk about what culture is—and whether cultural ideas are, in an important sense, alive. We discuss Jacob's path through physics to complexity science to sociology and to cognitive science. We talk about the nature and value of computational thinking. We dig into Jacob's framework for thinking about culture as a set of chains that weave from mind to world and back, across time and space. We dig into a colossal new paper of Jacob's in which he and his co-authors characterize the dynamics of culture through the case of metal music—a genre that has been evolving, splintering, growing, and withering for more than 50 years. Along the way, Jacob and I touch on metaphors for culture as dark matter, as amphibian, as a set of companion species, as living vines on a human trellis. We touch on foxes and hedgehogs; personal culture and private culture; how to be a wizard; ecological carrying capacity and cultural carrying; schismogenesis; the ideas of Sperber, Heidegger, Jung, and Culianu; ideal objects and morphodynamics; and how viewing culture as alive gives us a different stance toward the dead. This is not my first chat with Jacob. As you'll hear, we overlapped in our undergraduate years, also in our postdoc years, and since 2018 have worked together at the Diverse Intelligences Summer Institute or DISI—which, of course, is the sponsor and incubator of this very podcast. Jacob and his wife Dr. Erica Cartmill founded DISI and are the current directors. I always have fun talking to Jacob—I always learn a bunch from him. And so I think you'll enjoy this one, friends. Alright, without further ado: here's my conversation with Dr. Jacob Foster. Notes 4:00 – For more about the Santa Fe Institute workshop on "multiple life," see here. 7:00 – For an example of work by the socio-narratologist Art Frank, see here. For Donna Haraway's idea of "companion species," see here. 9:00 – Gregory Bateson's Steps to an Ecology of Mind. 10:00 – For Dr. Foster's theoretical paper on computational thinking in the study of culture, see here. 11:00 – For the paper on models in science by Arturo Rosenblueth and Norbert Wiener, see here. 14:00 – For the classic 1952 treatment of the challenges of defining culture, reviewing 164 definitions of the term, see here. 15:00 – Dr. Foster has collaborated on theoretical papers about culture in non-human animals. See here and here. 17:00 –The classic essay about "foxes" and "hedgehogs." 24:30 – For examples of Dr. Foster's work with James Evans in the science studies and science of science vein, see here and here. 30:00 – For more on how Dr. Foster defines culture, see (again) here. 32:00 – For more on the personal culture vs public culture distinction in sociology, see here. 35:00 – For more on Dan Sperber's ideas about culture, see Explaining culture: A naturalistic approach. 39:00 – Pierre Bayard's How to Talk about Books You Haven't Read. 48:00 – The still in-press paper 'The Evolutionary Dynamics of Cultural Change (As Told Through the Birth and Brutal, Blackened Death of Metal Music),' by Bernard Koch, Daniele Silvestro, and Dr. Foster. Dr. Koch's website is here. 51:00 – For the earlier study using phylogenetic analyses to understand American cars, see here. 53:00 – The Encyclopaedia Metallum. 57:30 – For a discussion of the emic/etic distinction, see here. 1:20:00 – For Dr. Koch's and Dr. Foster's work on the culture of machine learning, see here. 1:21:00 – For our earlier episode on linguistic diversity, see here. For the original discussion of "schismogenesis" by Gregory Bateson, see here. 1:25:00 – The essay by Dr. Foster—written with Phil Ford and J.F. Martel—on the care of the dead. For the episode of the Weird Studies podcast about the paper, see here. 1:31:00 – For Dr. Foster's thoughts on the work of Ioan Culianu, see the general discussion in the metal paper. For a recent talk in which Dr. Foster discusses Culianu's work (among other topics we touch on in this interview), see here. 1:32:00 – Culianu's book Tree of Gnosis. 1:39:00 – For discussion of some of these recent turns in evolutionary theory, see our episode with Dr. Kevin Lala. Recommendations The Glass Bead Game, Hermann...
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