ICU2 Agitation and Delirium in the ICU
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ICU2 Agitation and Delirium in the ICU
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This medical text examines agitation and delirium in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), conditions that are often underrecognized yet highly prevalent, particularly in mechanically ventilated patients. The source highlights that these conditions are more than mere inconveniences, contributing to poor patient outcomes, including increased time on ventilators, longer ICU stays, higher mortality rates, and long-term cognitive issues. It defines both agitation and delirium, outlining their various causes, risk factors, and proposed pathophysiological mechanisms. Furthermore, the text emphasizes the importance of early recognition and systematic management, discussing assessment tools like the Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) and the Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU (CAM-ICU), and advocating for non-pharmacological prevention strategies such as the ABCDEF Bundle, while cautioning against routine pharmacological interventions.