BLACK SUPREMACY
The belief that Black people are superior to other races and should dominate society. It's the mirror concept to white supremacy, but applied to Black race.

It's important to separate it from:

- Black Pride / Black Consciousness: "Black is beautiful, we have value" - This is about self-love, not hating others.
- Black Nationalism: Marcus Garvey, "We need our own nation/economy to protect ourselves" - about self-determination.
- Black Supremacy: "Black race is biologically/culturally superior and should rule over others."

*Where it has appeared historically:*

- Small fringe groups in US in 1960s-70s, like some factions of Nation of Islam under early teachings, or the Black Panther offshoots like the New Black Panther Party (not the original Panthers). Southern Poverty Law Center lists some of these as hate groups.
- In academic form, sometimes associated with Melanin Theory - discredited idea that melanin gives superior abilities.

*Why most Pan-African scholars reject it:*

- Kwame Nkrumah, Marcus Garvey, Malcolm X (later), Mandela, Du Bois all argued for equality and self-determination, not superiority.
- Nkrumah's Pan-Africanism: "Africa must unite and control its resources" - not "Africans must rule others."
- Majority of Black liberation thought is: "We want to be free from domination, not to dominate others."

*Difference in power discussion:*
Some sociologists argue that because Black people as a group have not held systemic global power like European colonialism, Black supremacy has never had the same institutional impact as white supremacy. Others argue supremacist ideology is wrong regardless of who holds power, because it judges people by race.

*Today:*
The term is mostly used in 3 ways:
1. By watchdog groups to label fringe extremist groups
2. By political commentators to criticize rhetoric they see as anti-white
3. By some on social media as provocative statement, not organized ideology

You asking from history exam, or from something you saw online?