The History of Colombia: Conflict, Cartels, and Change — Fexingo History copertina

The History of Colombia: Conflict, Cartels, and Change — Fexingo History

The History of Colombia: Conflict, Cartels, and Change — Fexingo History

Di: Fexingo
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 Colombia’s history is a tapestry of pre-Columbian civilizations, Spanish conquest, independence struggles, and a modern era defined by violence and resilience. From the Muisca confederation and the legend of El Dorado to the brutal conquest led by Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, Lucas and Luna trace the roots of a nation forged in gold and blood. The colonial era under the Viceroyalty of New Granada gave way to the revolutionary visions of Simón Bolívar and Francisco de Paula Santander, whose rivalries shaped the Gran Colombia experiment. The 19th century saw a cascade of civil wars—the Thousand Days’ War (1899–1902) and the rise of coffee as an economic backbone. The 20th century brings La Violencia (1948–1958), a bipartisan slaughter that killed hundreds of thousands, and the fragile National Front pact. Then come the drug cartels: Pablo Escobar’s Medellín Cartel, the Cali Cartel, and the ensuing narco-state that entangled guerrillas (FARC, ELN), paramilitaries, and the U.S. War on Drugs. The show examines peace processes, the 2016 accord, and the ongoing struggle for justice amid coca, corruption, and displacement. Through archaeological sites like San Agustín, colonial gems like Cartagena, and modern cities like Medellín, Lucas and Luna unpack how Colombia’s past pulses in its present. This is not a simple story of violence; it is one of adaptation, culture, and the enduring search for paz.

#Colombia #SouthAmerica #FexingoHistory #History #WorldHistory #Podcast #PabloEscobar #FARC #LaViolencia #SimNBolVar #GranColombia #Muisca #ElDorado #Coffee #NarcoState #PeaceProcess #Cartagena #Medellin

Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-history-of-colombia-conflict-cartels-and-change-fexingo-history--6985363/support.© 2026 Fexingo. All rights reserved.
Episodi
  • The Cali Cartel: Colombia's Quiet Kingpins — Fexingo History

    The Cali Cartel: Colombia's Quiet Kingpins — Fexingo History
    Apr 26 2026
    This episode dives into the rise and fall of the Cali Cartel, often overshadowed by Pablo Escobar's Medellín Cartel but ultimately more sophisticated and longer-lasting. We explore the cartel's origins in the 1970s with the Rodríguez Orejuela brothers, their shift from kidnapping to cocaine trafficking, and their unique business model that prioritized bribery over violence. Lucas and Luna discuss the cartel's infiltration of Colombia's government and economy, including the 1994 Ernesto Samper campaign scandal. The conversation also covers the cartel's eventual downfall in the mid-1990s, led by the Cali Cartel's own former allies and the US-backed Bloque de Búsqueda. We touch on the legacy of the cartel's leaders, including Miguel Rodríguez Orejuela's current imprisonment in the US, and how their methods influenced modern drug trafficking.

    #CaliCartel #RodriguezOrejuela #Cocaine #DrugTrafficking #ColombiaHistory #PabloEscobar #MedellinCartel #ErnestoSamper #BloqueDeBusqueda #Narcotrafico #1990s #ColdWar #DEA #FARC #History #FexingoHistory #LatinAmerica #OrganizedCrime #Colombia #SouthAmerica

    Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-history-of-colombia-conflict-cartels-and-change-fexingo-history--6985363/support.
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    6 min
  • Pablo Escobar: The Rise and Fall of Medellín's Kingpin — Fexingo History

    Pablo Escobar: The Rise and Fall of Medellín's Kingpin — Fexingo History
    Apr 26 2026
    In this episode, Lucas and Luna delve into the life and reign of Pablo Escobar, from his humble beginnings in Rionegro to becoming the head of the Medellín Cartel. They explore his rise through contraband and cocaine trafficking, his brutal tactics including 'plata o plomo', and his political ambitions that led to the construction of a luxury prison, La Catedral. The conversation covers key events like the 1984 assassination of Justice Minister Rodrigo Lara Bonilla, the Palace of Justice siege in 1985, and the manhunt led by the Search Bloc after Escobar's escape. Lucas discusses the role of Los Pepes, the alliance between Cali Cartel and Colombian authorities, and the final shootout on a rooftop in Medellín on December 2, 1993. The episode ends with a reflection on Escobar's legacy and the enduring impact of narco-violence on Colombia.

    #PabloEscobar #MedellinCartel #Cocaine #PlataOPlomo #LaCatedral #SearchBloc #LosPepes #RodrigoLaraBonilla #PalaceOfJusticeSiege #CaliCartel #NarcoViolence #ColombiaHistory #1980s #1990s #DrugWar #TrueCrime #History #FexingoHistory #Colombia #SouthAmerica

    Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-history-of-colombia-conflict-cartels-and-change-fexingo-history--6985363/support.
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    5 min
  • Operation Marquetalia: The Birth of the FARC — Fexingo History

    Operation Marquetalia: The Birth of the FARC — Fexingo History
    Apr 25 2026
    In 1964, the Colombian military launched Operation Marquetalia, a U.S.-backed counterinsurgency campaign against a small communist enclave in the southern jungles. This episode explores how the attack misfired, uniting scattered peasant guerrillas into the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). We follow the story of Manuel Marulanda Vélez, a coffee farmer turned rebel who survived the bombing and built a movement that would last five decades. We also examine the role of the National Front power-sharing pact and the unresolved land inequality that fueled the conflict. Drawing on declassified documents and oral histories, we trace the FARC's transformation from a self-defense group to a Marxist army controlling cocaine trafficking. Along the way, we meet other key figures like Jacobo Arenas and discuss the influence of the Cuban Revolution. This is the untold origin story of Colombia's longest war.

    #OperationMarquetalia #FARC #ManuelMarulandaVLez #Colombia #Guerrilla #ColdWar #LaViolencia #NationalFront #LandReform #JacoboArenas #CubanRevolution #Counterinsurgency #Marquetalia #Toribio #PlanLaso #History #FexingoHistory #SouthAmerica #WorldHistory #Podcast

    Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/the-history-of-colombia-conflict-cartels-and-change-fexingo-history--6985363/support.
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    7 min
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